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KMID : 0904520040150010095
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Health and Medical Sociology
2004 Volume.15 No. 1 p.95 ~ p.116
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A Study of the Process of the Professionalization of Chinese Traditional Medicine
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Lee Hyun-Ji
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Abstract
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The purpose of this paper is to examine the process of professionalization of Chinese traditional medicine. Chinese traditional medicine has enjoyed the status of being the only institutionalized medicine in China for thousands of years. But, in the 20th century, it nearly became extinct because of changes in the social structure.
In the 1920s, when the government of the Nationalist party came into power, it attempted to remove Chinese traditional medicine from Chinese society. Its attempt, however, failed because of the strong reaction of the Chinese traditional medical community. In 1949, the Communist government began to reform Chinese society, and it made an active investment in Chinese medicine for political reasons.
At the end of the 1970s, China carried out an open-door policy and promoted a capitalistic economy. This caused another big change in the society of China, and this change gave a new direction to the development of Chinese traditional medicine. Chinese traditional medicine has sought a model of professionalization that is different from that of other countries.
Through the study of the process of the professionalization of Chinese traditional medicine, I arrive the following conclusions. First, Chinese traditional medicine pursues professional development strategy. But it also maintains the people-oriented development strategy. Second, the professionalization of Chinese traditional medicine has the following distinguished characters that it has been pursued by the Chinese government, its process of fulfilling the requisites of professionalization is different from the western’s, and development strategy has been dramatically changed.
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KEYWORD
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Chinese traditional medicine, professionalization, medical policy, the standardization of knowledge, a licensing system
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